Numerical Study of Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer and Parameter Coupling in a Spider Web Microchannel Heat Sink

Chen, L.; Kang, Y.; Kao-Walter, S.

doi:10.47176/jafm.18.7.3282

Numerical Study of Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer and Parameter Coupling in a Spider Web Microchannel Heat Sink

Document Type : Regular Article

Authors

¹ School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province, 650093, China

² Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona 37179, Sweden

³ Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing and Control Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai, 201209, China

10.47176/jafm.18.7.3282

Abstract

The microchannel heat sink is a commonly used structure in mechanical cooling systems for microelectronics. Based on bionics, a simplified heat sink with a spider-web design is proposed in this paper. Under the condition of bottom heat flux q = 100 W/cm² and Reynolds number (Re) = 442–884, the influence of three parameters (main channel width, branch width and rib width) on the performance of a spider web microchannel heat sink (SW-MCHS) under different Re conditions was numerically analyzed by computational fluid dynamics. The results showed that the main channel had the greatest influence on the Nusselt number (Nu) and the Euler number (Eu); With the increase of main channel width, Nu increased by 46.97%, and Eu decreased by 31.74%. Rib width had the smallest influence on Nu and Eu; With the increase of rib width, Nu decreased by 7.18%, and Eu decreased by 12.00%. Based on the research results, the correlations for predicting Nu and Eu of the SW-MCHS were fitted; the values for the two correlations were 0.9523 and 0.9246, respectively. These fitting correlations could be used to predict Nu and Eu for the SW-MCHS. The present study has contributed to advancing the applications of microchannel heat sinks and enhancing the cooling efficiency of mechanical microelectronics cooling systems.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Micro-/Nano-Fluid Dynamics

References

Gao, W., Meng, J., Qu, Z., & Zhang, J. (2024). Experimental and numerical study on thermofluidic characteristics of microchannel heat sinks with various micro pin–fin arrays arrangement patterns. Applied Thermal Engineering, 240, 122236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.122236

Han, X., Liu, H., Xie, G., Sang, L. & Zhou, J. (2021). Topology optimization for spider web heat sinks for electronic cooling. Applied Thermal Engineering, 195, 117154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.117154

Huang, J., Li, L., Yang, J., Affane, H. & Zhang, Q. (2024). Experimental study on the bionic microchannel heat sink integrated with a piezoelectric pump. Applied Thermal Engineering, 240, 122282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.122282

Huang, P., Dong, G., Zhong, X., & Pan, M. (2020). Numerical investigation of the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of tree-shaped microchannel heat sink with variable cross-section. Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification, 147, 107769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2019.107769

Kumar, P. (2019). Numerical investigation of fluid flow and heat transfer in trapezoidal microchannel with groove structure. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 136, 33-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2018.10.006

Li, J., Cao, Y., Zhu, Z., Shi, L. & Li, J. (2024). Flow and heat transfer characteristics numerical study and structural optimization of bionic homocercal fin microchannels. CIESC Journal, 75(05), 1802-1815. https://doi.org/ 10.11949/0438-1157.20231069.

Li, J., Zhu, Z., Zhai, H., & Wang, J. (2021). Research progress on heat transfer enhancement and surface drag reduction techniques based on bionics. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 40(5), 2375-2388. https://doi.org/10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-1140

Li, P., Guo, D., & Huang, X. (2020). Heat transfer enhancement, entropy generation and temperature uniformity analyses of shark-skin bionic modified microchannel heat sink. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 146, 118846. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.118846

Li, S., Zhang, H., Cheng, J., Li, X., Cai, W., Li, Z., & Li, F. (2019). A state-of-the-art overview on the developing trend of heat transfer enhancement by single-phase flow at micro scale. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 143, 118476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.118476

Lu, G., & Zhai, X. (2019). Analysis on heat transfer and pressure drop of a microchannel heat sink with dimples and vortex generators. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 145, 105986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2019.105986

Niu, Y., Huang, P., & Pan, M. (2021). Study of heat and mass transfer by bionic fractal microchannel plates. Chemical Engineering & Technology, 44(4), 741-751. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.202000554

Pan, M., Wang, H., Zhong, Y., Fang, T. & Zhong, X. (2019). Numerical simulation of the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of microchannel heat exchangers with different reentrant cavities. International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 29(11), 4334-4348. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-03-2019-0252

Patil, N. G., & Hotta, T. K. (2018). A review on cooling of discrete heated modules using liquid jet impingement, Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, 11. https://doi.org/10.5098/hmt.11.16

Qi, W., Zhao, L., Wang, W., & Liu, Q. (2022). Research progress of high heat flux electronic devices liquid cooling technology. Science Technology and Engineering, 22(11),4261-4270. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2022.11.001

Rong, Y., Wang, L., Wu, T., Yin, C., Li, X. & Yu, X. (2023). Numerical investigation of heat transfer and parameter coupling characteristics for Spider web microchannel topological structure. International Journal of Thermofluids, 17, 100307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijft.2023.100307

Service, R. F. (1998). Coming soon: the pocket DNA sequencer. Science, 282(5388), 399-401. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.282.5388.399

Sharma, C. S., Zimmermann, S., Tiwari, M. K., Michel, B. & Poulikakos, D. (2012). Optimal thermal operation of liquid-cooled electronic chips. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 55(7), 1957-1969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2011.11.052

Sohel Murshed, S. M., & Nieto De Castro, C. A. (2017). A critical review of traditional and emerging techniques and fluids for electronics cooling. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,78, 821-833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.04.112

Tan, H., Zong, K., Xiong, C., Weng, X., & Du, P. (2019a). Design and heat transfer performance analysis of leaf vein-shaped microchannel heat sink. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 26(04), 477-483. https//doi.org/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2019.04.014

Tan, H., Wu, L., Wang, M., Yang, Z., & Du, P. (2019b). Heat transfer improvement in microchannel heat sink by topology design and optimization for high heat flux chip cooling. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 129, 681-689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.09.092

Wang, W., Huang, X., Zhao, F., Chen, S., Wang, L., Cai, Y., & Zhao, Y. (2021a). The performance of vapor chamber based on leaf-vein-like structure for heat dissipation. Spacecraft Environment Engineering, 38(2), 138-147. https//doi.org/10.12126/see.2021.02.004

Wang, J., Liu, X., Liu, F., Liu, Y., Wang, F. & Yang, N. (2021b). Numerical optimization of the cooling effect of the bionic spider-web channel cold plate on a pouch lithium-ion battery. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 26, 101124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2021.101124

Wu, L., Lu, T., Chen, J., Wang, Y., & Du, P. (2018). A study of bionic micro-channel topology for chip cooling. Acta Electronica Sinica, 46(5), 1153-1159. https//doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2018.05.020

Wu, T., Wang, L., Tang, Y., Yin, C., & Li, X. (2022). Flow and heat transfer performances of liquid metal based microchannel heat sinks under high temperature conditions. Micromachines, 13(1), 95. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13010095

Yang, W., Zhou, F., Liu, Y., Xu, S., & Chen, X. (2021). Thermal performance of honeycomb-like battery thermal management system with bionic liquid mini-channel and phase change materials for cylindrical lithium-ion battery. Applied Thermal Engineering, 188, 116649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.116649

Yao, F., Guan, X., Chen, Q., & Lin, L. (2024). Research on thermal management system of lithium-ion battery with a new type of spider web liquid cooling channel and phase change materials. Journal of Energy Storage, 81, 110447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2024.110447

Zhang, F., Huang, Z., Li, S., Sun, S., & Zhao, H. (2024a). Design and thermal performance analysis of a new micro-fin liquid cooling plate based on liquid cooling channel finning and bionic limulus-like fins. Applied Thermal Engineering, 237, 121597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.121597

Zhang, F., Wang, F., Zhu, Y., & He, Y. (2024b). Structural optimization of thermal management system for bionic liquid cold battery based on fuzzy grey correlation analysis. Applied Thermal Engineering, 249, 123347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.123347

Zhu, G., Liu, S., Zhang, D., Chen, W., Li, J., & Wen, T. (2024). Transfer learning model to predict flow boiling heat transfer coefficient in mini channels with micro pin fins. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 220, 125020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2023.125020